It has been reported that in multiple human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines, including OCI-AML1, AML193, and THP-1 cells, there are TGF-β1 expression, and the proliferation and differentiation of these cells are affected by TGF-β1 through autocrine and paracrine pathways [14, 15]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and acute myeloid leukemia.