Extensive previous studies have observed that the high expression of PVT1 significantly increased the risk of death in patients with GC 33, 44-46, 54, 55, CRC 37, 56, NSCLC 43, 57, ccRCC 36, 58, 59, uveal melanoma 60, HNSCC 35, 61, PDAC 52, NPC 40, PC 34, ESCC 47, ovarian cancer (OC) 62, high-grade serous carcinoma 63, cervical cancer 64, 65, and osteosarcoma 48, 49. This evidence concerns the gene PVT1 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.