TNF receptor superfamily member 4(OX40), which is expressed in liver invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, is also involved in the development of liver failure.OX40 activates caspase-1 via TNF receptor-associated factor 6-mediated recruitment of the paracaspase MALT1, which consequently leads to massive pyroptotic death of iNKT cells and liver injury[130]. This evidence concerns the gene TNFRSF4 and liver failure.