Based on preliminary data in independent samples19,20, we hypothesized that: (1) PTEN-ASD would have lower cognitive scores than the other patient groups, particularly on measures of intelligence, processing speed, working memory, and motor functioning; (2) PTEN-ASD would have comparable autism symptom levels to Macro-ASD, but lower intelligence (due to differences in processing speed and/or working memory) and adaptive function; and (3) PTEN-no ASD would demonstrate reduced performance on measures sensitive to frontal lobe functioning compared to healthy control norms. Here, PTEN is linked to autism.