BCR-ABL1 independent gene mutations (33% of patients had somatic mutations in addition to BCR-ABL1, including ASXL1, DNMT3A, RUNX1 and TET2, revealing that most mutations were part of the Ph-positive clones) are frequently found in Ph-negative and Ph-positive clones of CML patients and may be considered as important cofactors in the clonal evolution of CML [23]. This evidence concerns the gene ASXL1 and chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.