As a result of the phase III KEYNOTE-024 clinical trial, the monoclonal human IgG4 antibody, pembrolizumab, directed against PD-1, has to be considered the first line treatment choice in advanced NSCLC patients with an expression of PD-L1 in tumor cells (tumor proportion score, TPS) ≥50% [40]. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.