Consistently, VSTM2A significantly inhibited the expression of Wnt target genes cyclin D1 and c-myc, and β-catenin activation, but did not change β-catenin mRNA expression in 293T and RKO cells, suggesting secreted protein VSTM2A negatively regulated Wnt signaling pathway in colon cancer (Figure 3F and 3G). Here, CCND1 is linked to malignant colon neoplasm.