We were also interested in the overlap of effect of BMP pathway inhibition on bone disease and anaemia: first, both are important complications in patients with myeloma; and second, other ligand traps of the TGFβ superfamily reverse anaemia51, or in the case of ACVR2A-FC, improve anaemia and myeloma bone disease52. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is plasma cell myeloma.