TGFB1 and cancer: To test this hypothesis, we performed various in vitro and in vivo assays to determine if eATP, working alone, induces cancer cells’ (i) detachment, (ii) EMT, (iii) increase in cell migration and invasion, (iv) afore-mentioned activities from both outside and inside of cancer cells independently of TGF-β and dependently of macropinocytosis.