TARDBP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: We have previously shown that the low-level overexpression of nucleus-localizing full-length TDP-43 causes neuronal cell death and that the cleaved forms of TDP-43 such as CTF(C-terminal fragment)35, which accumulates in the cytoplasm in affected neurons in the patients with ALS/FTD69,70, have no or less neuronal toxicity33,34.