A number of new markers of liver injury have been proposed, including microRNAs(17), cytokeratin-18 (CK18) (18,19),high mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB-1) (20,21) for viral hepatitis, druginduced liver disease (DILI), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and liverfailure. This evidence concerns the gene HMGB1 and viral hepatitis.