DDX3X and infection: Since IFN-β production in response to hPIV-3 infection did not appear to be impaired by inactivation of DDX3X nuclear export, we hypothesized that altered expression of antiviral genes besides IFNB1 might be responsible for the effects on infection observed in Figure 4A. To address this directly, we profiled host gene transcription using the NanoString nCounter® SPRINT system.