MAPRE2 and cancer: The microtubule binding proteins, yBIM1/hMAPRE2/hMAPRE3, were deletion enhancing in yeast and UES in cancer for gemcitabine (Figure 5C; 1-0-14), of which frameshift mutations were reported in MAPRE3 for gastric and colorectal cancers [84], however, MAPRE2 is upregulated in invasive pancreatic cancer cells [83], demonstrating that the yeast phenomic model could help distinguish causal influence in cases of paralogous gene expression having what appear to be opposing effects on phenotypic response of cancer cells to cytotoxic chemotherapy.