Indeed, there are studies demonstrating that elevated levels of plasma markers of BBB disruption (e.g., intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [ICAM-1], platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 [PECAM-1], vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 [VCAM-1], E-selectin, and P-selectin) [14,15] or pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., interleukin [IL]-6, IL-1 beta [IL-1β], tumor necrosis factor-alfa [TNF-α]) [11,16,17] are associated with delirium in serious diseases. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is delirium.