The cellular recognition of dsRNA or 5′-triphosphate dsRNA activates the expression of the retinoic acid-induced gene I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation-associated gene (MDA-5), resulting in homo-oligomerization of the mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS) protein and activation of tank-binding kinase 1 (TBK1). This evidence concerns the gene RIGI and melanoma.