IPA analyses comparing cultures kept in medium vs. IAV/ssON (wherein ssON was added 2 h post-infection), revealed a strong up-regulation of “Interferon Signaling” and other innate pathways associated with IAV infection such as “Activation of IRF by cytosolic Pattern Recognition Receptors,” “Role of Pattern Recognition Receptors in Recognition of Bacteria and Viruses” (Table 1). Here, TRIM63 is linked to infection.