MCAM and neoplasm: These include flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemically staining of paraffin-embedded tumor samples, electron microscopy, confocal microscopy, application of a chemiluminescence detection system [82], immunomagnetic sorting, immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, western blot [82, 85], ELISA can be used for the detection of soluble CD146 from serum or plasma Fig. 6 [11], real-time PCR of CD146 mRNA [86] and quantitative real-time PCR can also be utilized for the detection of CD146 [87, 88].