VIM and glioblastoma: In further support of the hypothesis that MAP4K4 influences EMT in glioblastoma cells, we found that high levels of MAP4K4 expression correlated with protein markers of an invasive state (β-catenin, slug and vimentin), and that inhibiting MAP4K4 caused cells to transition into a non-invasive state as defined by increased expression of E-cadherin (Figs 5–7).