Moreover, mounting studies have provided compelling evidence that neutralizing PD-1 or PD-L1 to block the PD-1/PD-L1 could activate CD8+ T cells and abrogate the immune evasion of tumor cells11–13, suggesting that antibody against PD-1 and PD-L1 is an effective clinical immune therapy for cancers14–17. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and neoplasm.