There are different Nups and nuclear factors that have the ability to bind to HIV-1 cores and to participate in the early steps of HIV-1 infection: TNPO3, CPSF6, Nup358/RanBP2, Nup98, Nup214 and Nup153 (Figure 4a) [111,112]. The gene discussed is RANBP2; the disease is HIV-1 infection.