DDIT3 and Hepatic steatosis: Prolonged endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress conditions in which ER homeostasis is not recovered are characterized by increased expression of key markers, such as glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), and phosphorylated protein kinase-like ER kinase (p-PERK), which induce hepatic steatosis [8].