In order to correlate pedestal size with these phases of maturation, we measured the size of pedestals formed by EPEC and EPECΔespF during the infection kinetics (Figure 4 insert) and compared it with the pedestal number per cell and with pedestal maturation phases (ZO‐1 recruitment, colocalization of ZO‐1 and afadin, and delocalization of ZO‐1 and afadin) mentioned above (Figure 4 below). The gene discussed is AFDN; the disease is infection.