Further GSEA analysis showed that the cytokine‐receptor signalling was involved in TOEH‐treated colitis as compared with the DSS group (Figure 5A), and 11 genes in this signalling were identified to be down‐regulated in TOEH treatment group, of which 11 genes (CCL20, CCL28, CXCL5, CCR6, CXCL1, CXCL13, CCL6, CCL5, CD40, Tnfsf11 and Tnfrsf8) had the markedly decreased expression in TOEH group as compared with the DSS group (Figure 5B). This evidence concerns the gene CCL5 and colitis.