However, we have previously shown that (1) RAGE-aptamer significantly inhibits the development and progression of experimental diabetic nephropathy compared with control-aptamer and (2) RAGE-aptamer alone does not affect ROS generation, RAGE, VEGF, or MCP-1 gene expression in G361 melanoma cells or human mesangial cells [16, 17]. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is diabetic kidney disease.