ELK1 and breast cancer: In the breast cancer cells, CXCL5 then promotes the increased phosphorylation and activation of Raf/mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase/extracellular signal–regulated kinase, MSK1, Elk-1, and the transcription factor Snail, which suppresses E-cadherin, leading to an increase in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, motility, and migration56.