To specifically analyse the role of CAF-derived NLRP3, AT3 tumour cells were transduced with shRNA to silence Nlrp3 expression (shNlrp3 AT3, Supplementary Fig. 4a) and injected to mammary glands of Nlrp3−/− mice admixed with wild-type (WT, C57BL/6) NMFs or Nlrp3−/− NMFs (Fig. 4a). The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is neoplasm.