Therefore, to investigate whether iPSC-MSCs exerted therapeutic effects via TSG-6, we transfected iPSC-MSCs with a lentivirus containing short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting TSG-6 (Supplementary Fig. 2a–d) and evaluated the therapeutic effects of iPSC-MSCs on murine colitis after TSG-6 knockdown (iPSC-MSCsTSG-6KD). Here, TNFAIP6 is linked to colitis.