TNF and neoplasm: MiR-21 and miR-29a can reach and bind as ligands to members of the TLR receptor family, in both murine (TLR7) and human (TLR8) in immune effector cells leading to TLR-mediated canonical NFκB activation and secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-6, which then can stimulate tumor growth and metastasis [254].