INS and hyperinsulinism: While it is controversial whether itself affects glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity (Refaie et al., 2006), especially when accounting for lean body mass, BMI and sex (Chia et al., 2018), there is enough evidence to suggest that hyperinsulinemia levels accelerate aging phenotypes, promote age-related diseases and reduces overall lifespan (Facchini et al., 2000; Johnson and Templeman, 2016).