CCL2 and posterior cortical atrophy: We first assessed the role of PSMP in PCa cell growth through colony formation assays, and as shown in Figures 5A,B, CCL2, as a positive control, and PSMP could accelerate PC3 cell colony formation compared with the control (BSA), while the neutralizing antibody against PSMP could inhibit colony growth of PC3 cells due to existing autocrine PSMP.