Thirteen of these genes have been found involved in female gonadal development and 46,XX DSD (ATF3, DAPK1, EMX2, FLNA, FRAS1, FREM2, GLI3, IGFBP2, IRX5, MAML3, PIK3R3, WNT9A and WNT9B), 8 of which in patient 8 (Table 2). The gene discussed is ATF3; the disease is disorder of sexual differentiation.