HCN4 mRNA levels are also increased in the pilocarpine rodent model of temporal lobe epilepsy (Surges et al., 2012), while in a cortical stroke model in which seizures develop, there is a switch from HCN2 to HCN4 channel expression in thalamocortical neurons (Paz et al., 2013). This evidence concerns the gene HCN4 and temporal lobe epilepsy.