These findings show that miRNA-145 may play a critical role in the growth and survival of lung cancer cells through inhibition of EGFR. The MTT assay demonstrated that pretreatment with miRNA-145 markedly augmented the cytotoxicity of erlotinib in A549 cells, and subsequently the IC50 value of erlotinib was significantly decreased. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is lung carcinoma.