HAVCR1 and acute kidney injury: In this study, we used KIM1 and NGAL urinary levels, two well-known biomarkers of AKI, to assess renal function, because traditional blood (creatinine and blood urea nitrogen concentrations) and urine markers of kidney injury (casts, fractional excretion of sodium, urinary concentration ability) are insensitive and nonspecific [27] contrary to muddy brown urinary casts indicative of tubular injury.