In summary, by using the RRA method we have successfully provided deeper insight to the comprehensive molecular changes in NAFLD pathogenesis, and identified several potential candidate therapeutic targets, including ENO3, CYP7A1, P4HA1, CYP1A1, IGFBP2, SOCS2, FMO1, PEG10, SHBG, and MAMDC4. Here, IGFBP2 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.