PCNA and cancer: In MCF-7 cells, AIF upregulated ERα target genes such as proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclin D1, cyclin E1, cMyc (myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homologue), and liver receptor homologue 1 (LRH-1), and downregulated growth regulation by estrogen in breast cancer 1 (GREB1) (Magne Nde et al., 2012).