CAFs isolated from fresh HCC tissues have a spindle-shaped fibroblastic morphology and present an activated myofibroblast phenotype with expression of α-SMA, FAP, vimentin, FSP-1, platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs), desmin, fibronectin, and collagen1α, which are common protein biomarkers of CAFs [41, 45, 46, 54, 56]. Here, ACTA1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.