Studies by Lima et al. [32] also observed that in lipopolysaccharide-induced peritonitis in mice, oral pretreatment with hydroethanolic extract of the leaves or with the isolated compound 4′,6,7-trihydroxy-5-methoxyflavone (5-o-methyl scutellarein) led to decreased leukocyte migration to the peritoneal cavity, as well as a reduction in proinflammatory cytokine concentrations (TNFα and IL-1β). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is peritonitis.