The authors identified that miR-17-3p suppresses TIMP3, an inhibitor of EGFR/JNK/SP-1, a pathway promoting cardiomyocyte proliferation [106], as well as PTEN which antagonizes PI3K/Akt pathway [107], a pathway vital for cardiac hypertrophy [58] as elucidated above. Here, AKT1 is linked to cardiac hypertrophy.