IL3RA and acute myeloid leukemia: In 2013, Tettamanti and coworkers have transduced cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells with a retroviral vector (a first generation CD123 CAR) encoding an anti-CD123 CAR; transduced CIK cells were able to kill AML cell lines and primary AML leukemic blasts, including leukemic progenitor/stem cell populations [151].