BDNF and depressive symptom measurement: Of note, SC could modulate BDNF, TrkB/ cAMP response element binding protein (CREB)/ extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta(GSK-3β) in the hippocampus and attenuate the depression-like emotional status and associated cognitive deficits in chronic unpredictable mild stress mice or corticosterone-induced mice [40,41].