Limited data highlight the role of Sirt1 in neuroprotection in the settings of stroke by deacetylation and subsequent inhibition of p53- and NFkB-induced inflammatory and apoptotic pathways, regulation of microglia activity via CX3CR1, brain endothelial cell protection by inhibiting nitric oxide synthesis, and balancing Sirt3 (mitochondrial Sirt) activation after stroke injury (Yang F. et al., 2015; Sellner et al., 2016; Chen T. et al., 2018). The gene discussed is SIRT1; the disease is Stroke.