Together with our results showing dramatic differential effects of TW:E12 vs. TW:TW dimers on activation of pro-invasive gene expression (POSTN/PDGFRa), signaling pathways (ERK/AKT) and mesenchymal phenotypes, these studies demonstrate the importance of TW dimerization as a phenotypic switch regulating cancer malignancy. This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and cancer.