These factors promote angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation and play an aberrant stimulatory role during chronic inflammatory states by recruiting immunosuppressive cell populations in cancer; additionally, they contribute to the refractoriness upon anti-angiogenic treatment by the compensatory production of pro-angiogenic factors other than VEGF-A [24,34,72,199,200,201,202]. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is neoplasm.