Several intracellular pathogens have been shown to manipulate the AMPK/insulin-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway during the state of infection via either directly targeting AMPK or mTOR or by targeting the upstream or downstream pathways, including HCV, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), Leishmania, Francisella, Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), and simian virus 40 (SV40). Here, INS is linked to infection.