Emerging pathophysiological mechanisms linking NAFLD and CKD included the dysregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-2, nutrient/energy sensor sirtuin-1, and AMP-activated kinase and the impairment of anti-oxidant defense mediated by nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf)-2 [80]. The gene discussed is ACE; the disease is chronic kidney disease.