We further evaluated GDF15 protein levels in the 33 primary prostate cancer specimens and 18 metastatic CRPC samples included in the proteomics study by Latonen et al. [40] and found that GDF15 protein expression is also significantly higher in primary prostate cancers than in metastatic CRPC samples (Fig 3D). The gene discussed is GDF15; the disease is Familial prostate cancer.