The barriers to screening that were most frequently mentioned by participants and that were addressed during the counseling were “no time” (up to 51% among women nonadherent to breast cancer screening), “I feel fine,” and “I don’t like to go to doctors.” Barriers that were frequently mentioned for specific screening tests included “Don’t like preparation or procedure for colonoscopy” (20%), “pain or discomfort of mammogram” (9%) and “did not know about the PSA test” (41%). This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and breast cancer.