Real‐time PCR analysis found elevated levels of mRNA for markers of renal inflammation (CD68, TNF‐α, CCL2) and renal fibrosis (TGF‐β1, fibronectin, collagens I and IV) in diabetic compared to nondiabetic kidneys, which were not different in male and female mice (Table 1). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and renal fibrosis.