A dysregulated response between declining immune function (i.e. immunosenescence) on one hand and a low grade chronic inflammation (i.e. inflammageing) on the other hand may lead to an altered tumour microenvironment that has impact on tumour development and tumour growth in the ageing population, probably with the involvement of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells [28]. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is neoplasm.